Why Does Fire Burn?

5/21/2021 (Permalink)

Why Does a Fire Burn?

While most people learn principles that make fire work in high school science classes, this knowledge also forms the foundation for both basic and advanced firefighting techniques. Fires need four crucial components to start and keep burning:

• Fuel (sometimes called a “reducing agent”)
• Energy, in the form of heat
• An oxidizing agent (commonly oxygen)
• A chemical reaction

What accounts for a blaze’s destructive nature that leads to massive fire damage is its dependence on these four elements. So long as there are plentiful supplies of fuel, heat and oxygen, a fire's chemical reaction will continue, permitting it to burn, grow and spread. 

How Is a Fire Extinguished?

Fire suppression focuses on robbing the flames of one or more of these elements. When delivered in huge quantities through a fire hose, water both significantly reduces a fire’s heat and takes away oxygen as it transmutes from liquid to vapor form at extremely high temperatures. Unfortunately, this enormous amount of water also floods buildings and wreaks havoc on its own.